"The Black Hat dance is an elaborate ritual that took many days to perform in Tibet. The purpose of the ritual is to eliminate the obstacles, which in the individual are the afflictive emotions and misconceptions that cause sufferings. At the beginning of the dance, the Black Hat Dancers make symbolic offerings of Gold Libation (tea) to the lineage Lamas, Tutelary deities (different forms of the Buddha) and Dharmapalas (truth protectors), in order to please them and receive their blessings. As stated in the Vinaya, code of monastic ethics, the robes of ordination serve as a reminder that the person wearing them is fully ordained monk. Ina similar manner, the Black Hat costume is worn by some Tantric practitioners to maintain the clarity and pride of arising in the wrathful aspect of a tantric deity. This divine confidence or pride serves a special funtion for the exclusive path of Tantra. The Black Hat dancers apply protective substances on their cheeks and forehead which give them the wrathful appearance of wrath. They exhibit this fierce aspect in order to tame the minds of sentient beings afflicted by such negative emotions of hatred, greed, and ignorance. They are not motivated by anger, but by the supreme love and compassion. According to some sources, the Black Hat dance came into existence as certain tantric deities appeared to some practitioners in this form during invocation rituals. The Elder Jamyang Dakpa, a contemporary of His Holiness the Fifth Dalai Lama (1617-1682) performed the dance while engaged in an exorcism ritual in the Deyang Shar courtyard of Potala Palace, in order to avert certain negative armed forces.In Exile, the Namgyal monks perform the Black Hat Dance annually marking the end of a passing year during the prayer ceremony The Black Hat Dance was originally performed in 9th century Tibet in response to an evil king, Lang Darma. Lang Darma was a greedy, power-hungry ruler who attempted to drain Tibet of Buddhism. He destroyed hundreds of stupas and monasteries, and forced hundreds of monks and nuns to disrobe. The happy, peaceful people of Tibet were miserable under the shadow of King Lang Darma. A great and devoted practitioner, Lhalung Pal Dorji, was determined to subdue the evil King. After performing the appropriate spiritual rites, he went to Lhasa wearing a black hat and a long black cloak in which he concealed a bow and arrow. There he danced in front of the King in an attempt to portray the suffering of the Tibetan people under his rule. The black hat dancers assume the role of yogis with the power to subdue and create life. The dancers wear brocade robes, wide brimmed black hats and aprons with the face of a protective deity. This is an important dance that is also used in purification ceremonies during the construction of dzongs, temples, chortens'.
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