The Pattanam excavations in Kerala’s Ernakulam district have been a significant project in Indian archaeology, uncovering artefacts dating back to 500 BCE. Conducted by the Kerala Council for Historical Research (KCHR), the excavation revealed connections to the Iron Age, early historic, medieval, and modern periods. The site, located near the ancient town of Muziris, has sparked debate regarding St. Thomas and early Christianity in India.
In 2015, the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) suspended the excavation license, following allegations by Hindutva organisations that the project aimed to fabricate evidence of St. Thomas’ arrival in AD 52. Right-wing groups challenge this claim, arguing that there is no conclusive archaeological evidence supporting it. PJ Cherian, who led the excavation, has faced criticism due to his Christian identity.
Between 2007 and 2015, the KCHR conducted nine excavation seasons, uncovering artefacts that suggested Pattanam was a major trade hub. While the trenches are now covered, archaeologists continue studying the discovered artefacts. A museum showcasing these findings is in progress, housed in a renovated building displaying excavation posters and photographs.
Despite the ASI suspension, Pattanam remains crucial to understanding Kerala’s past. The site’s findings continue to contribute to historical research, revealing new insights into the trade networks and cultural influences shaping South Indian history.
