The 37 Scientific Evidence of Digital Evidence Tampering on CCTV Footage at Olivier Café: The Jessica Kumala Wongso Case (2016), Carried Out by Muhammad Nuh Al-Azhar and Christopher Hariman Rianto, Who were Under the Leadership of the General Crime Director of the Jakarta Metropolitan Police, Krishna Murti, and the Chief of the Jakarta Metropolitan Police, Tito Karnavian.
EVIDENCE 9:
CCTV VIDEO 2 FROM 13:55 TO 16:02 LOCAL TIME WAS REDUCED IN FRAME DIMENSIONS TO 960x576 PIXELS
Muhammad Nuh Al-Azhar deliberately performed downscaling on CCTV 2 footage from 13:55 to 16:02 local time, reducing the frame dimensions to 960 x 576px. According to question 27 in the interrogation report (BAP - Berita Acara Pemeriksaan) of Muhammad Nuh Al-Azhar, the dimensions should have been 1920 x 1080 px.
Analysis
Muhammad Nuh Al-Azhar's deliberate downscaling of CCTV 2 footage from 13:55 to 16:02 local time had significant forensic implications. By reducing the frame dimensions to 960 x 576px, crucial details that could have been captured in the original high-resolution footage were obscured. This intentional manipulation raises questions about the integrity of the evidence presented in court and suggests potential ulterior motives behind altering the footage.
The original CCTV 2 footage should have captured remnants of the coffee consumed by Mirna Salihin, which was brought from table 54 by eyewitness Devi Siagian. However, by downscaling the footage, Muhammad Nuh Al-Azhar effectively hindered any analysis of the coffee residue, making it difficult to determine its composition or any potential contaminants, such as cyanide. This manipulation undermines the ability to gather critical evidence related to the case and could potentially impact the accuracy of forensic analyses.
The impact of downscaling on CCTV footage, particularly in cases involving suspected poisoning with substances like cyanide, is crucial for forensic pathologists in several ways. Firstly, downscaling can significantly degrade the quality and clarity of the footage, making it more challenging for pathologists to observe subtle details and nuances in the subject's behavior and physical condition. This reduction in visual fidelity may hinder the accurate identification and interpretation of specific symptoms or reactions exhibited by the individual after consuming the alleged poisoned substance.
Secondly, downscaling may obscure important visual cues that could provide valuable insights into the individual's physiological responses to cyanide poisoning. For example, changes in facial expression, skin tone, or bodily movements that typically accompany cyanide exposure may be less discernible or entirely lost due to the diminished resolution and frame rate of the footage. As a result, pathologists may struggle to assess the severity of the victim's condition or determine the presence of characteristic symptoms associated with cyanide poisoning, such as respiratory distress, convulsions, or loss o
