A federal grand jury in Washington, DC, indicted Maria Butina on two charges Tuesday.
Butina is a Russian national who tied herself to the National Rifle Association.
She is accused of conspiracy against the US and acting as a foreign agent of the Russian government.
Butina was arrested on Sunday and made an initial court appearance Monday afternoon.
The DOJ alleges that Butina worked for a Russian official from at least 2015 through February 2017.