Battle of Jackson: Civil War Generals Summary

2018-04-14 3

This is a short series that will be covering battles that occur in the "Civil War Generals 2" series that is being uploaded to this channel. These are meant as a very quick summaries of the historical battles.

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The battle of Jackson was fought on May the 14th, 1863. Between forces under Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant and the Jackson garrison commanded by Brigadier-General John Gregg and under the overall command of General Joseph E. Johnston.

Johnston had been instructed to take command of the forces in Mississippi on May the 9th. He arrived in the city on the 13th and consulted with John Gregg, the commander of the garrison at Jackson. Gregg had around 6,000 men under his immediate command in the city and it's outskirts, heavily out-numbered by the two Union army corps that were converging on the city. Johnston ordered an immediate evacuation of Jackson, but instructed Gregg that he was to defend Jackson until the evacuation was completed. By 10 a.m., both the XV and XVII corps were near Jackson and had engaged the forward defenses. Heavy fighting didn't occur until an hour later, as by then, Union forces attacked in numbers and slowly pushed the Confederates back. In mid-afternoon, Johnston informed Gregg that the evacuation was complete and that he should disengage and follow as soon as he could. Soon after, Union troops entered the Mississippi capital, and hoisted a celebration. They then proceeded to burn part of the town and cut the railroad connections with Vicksburg. At the cost of 290 causalities, compared to 900 for the Confederates. Many viewed Johnston's evacuation to be premature as by later that day, he would have 11,000 troops at his disposal and another 4,000 the following morning, in addition to the remainder of the garrison. The fall of the Mississippi state capital was a blow to Confederate morale and manufacturing in the region, as the Confederates, who occupied the town days later, didn't have the resources to re-build the city to it's previous importance. The city once again fell to the Union, days after Vicksburg.