According to a new study, four former soccer players who had advanced forms of dementia were also found to have chronic traumatic encephalopathy. CTE is a progressive neurodegenerative disease thought to be caused by repeated injuries to the head. New findings suggest it could have been an underlying cause of their dementia. The issue of dementia in soccer started drawing attention after the death of British player Jeff Astle in 2002. According to the Jeff Astle Foundation, more than 250 former professional soccer players have suffered from some form of neurodegenerative disease.