Prostate Problems - Prostate Enlargement or BPH

2016-11-04 1

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What is the prostate?

The prostate is a small, but important gland (organ) in the male reproductive system. Its main role is to make fluid that protects and feeds sperm. The prostate makes about one third of the fluid that is ejaculated (released) from the penis at the time of orgasm (sexual climax).

Where is the prostate?

The prostate is about the size of a walnut and is shaped like a doughnut. The prostate sits underneath the bladder, and surrounds the top part of the urinary tract. Urine passes through the urinary tract on its way from the bladder to the penis.

Does the prostate change with age?

The male hormone testosterone makes the prostate grow in size. As men grow older, the prostate grows. At puberty, testosterone levels in boys start to increase and the prostate grows to about eight times its size. It continues to grow, doubling in size between 21 and 50 years, and almost doubles again in size between 50 and 80 years. The reasons for this ongoing growth are not fully understood.

What is prostate disease?

Prostate disease is a term used to describe any medical problem that affects the prostate gland. Prostate disease includes:

Benign prostatic hyperplasia or hypertrophy (BPH) – non-cancerous enlargement or growth of the prostate gland.

Prostatitis – inflammation of the prostate gland, sometimes because of infection.

Prostate cancer – a problem in which cells within the prostate grow and divide abnormally, and a tumour grows in the prostate.

Both inflammation and enlargement of the prostate can be very painful and can cause symptoms that have a major effect on a man’s quality of life.

What is BPH?

BPH refers to benign prostatic hyperplasia (increase in the number of cells) or hypertrophy (increase in cell size), the non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate. BPH is the most common prostate disease in men. As the prostate is positioned around the urinary tract, the enlargement of the prostate makes the urinary tract narrow and puts pressure on the base of the bladder. Narrowing of the urinary tract can affect the passing of urine in a number of ways.

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