Twin suicide bombings hit a Shiite religious gathering in a densely populated suburb of southern Beirut controlled by the militant group Hezbollah, killing at least 37 people and wounding 180 others, Lebanon's Red Cross said.
The near-simultaneous blasts, just 150 meters apart, were carried out during rush hour by men wearing explosive belts, local media said.
The bombers struck near a shrine in the Burj al-Barajneh neighborhood, walking into the area to avoid routine vehicle searches.
There was no immediate claim of responsibility.
Syrian forces backed by Hezbollah and Russian airstrikes this week broke a two-year siege on the Kweiris military base in Aleppo province imposed by Islamic State militants, marking a significant success for Assad's troops and his allies.